The collisions between two oxygen molecules give rise to O4 absorption in the Earth atmosphere. O4 absorption is relevant to atmospheric transmission and Earth’s radiation budget. O4 is further used as a reference gas in Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) applications to infer properties of clouds and aerosols. The O4 absorption cross section spectrum of bands centered at 343, 360, 380, 446, 477, 532, 577 and 630 nm is investigated in dry air and oxygen as a function of temperature (203–295°K), and at 820 mbar pressure. We characterize the temperature dependent O4 line shape and provide high precision O4 absorption cross section reference spectra that are suitable for atmospheric O4 measurements. The peak absorption cross-section is found to increase at lower temperatures due to a corresponding narrowing of the spectral band width, while the integrated cross-section remains constant (within o3%, the uncertainty of our measurements). The enthalpy of formation is determined to be ΔH250 = -0.12±0.12 kJ mol-1, which is essentially zero, and supports previous assignments of O4 as collision induced absorption (CIA). At 203°K, van der Waals complexes (O2-dimer) contribute less than 0.14% to the O4 absorption in air. We conclude that O2-dimer is not observable in the Earth atmosphere, and as a consequence the atmospheric O4 distribution is for all practical means and purposes independent of temperature, and can be predicted with an accuracy of better than 10-3 from knowledge of the oxygen concentration profile.
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Absorption spectra of gas-phase molecular oxygen and zero air at temperatures of 223 and 283 K have been measured in the laboratory using a coolable multipass-optics gas cell and Fourier transform spectroscopy in the wavelength range 455 to 830 nm (12,000–22,000 cm−1). Net absorption cross sections of the O2A−, B−, and γ-bands at <0.002 nm spectral resolution, and pressures of 100 and 1000 hPa zero air have been determined. Binary absorption cross sections of the collision-induced O4 bands at <0.18 nm spectral resolution and a pressure of 1000 hPa pure oxygen have been determined, with corrections for the O2 γ-band absorption. Calculated integrated absorption intensities and, for the O2A− and B−bands, “effective” Einstein A-coefficients are compared with previous literature values.